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Angels in Judaism
In Judaism an angel ((ヘブライ語:מַלְאָךְ) ''malak'', plural ''malakim'') is a messenger of God, an angelic envoy or an angel in general who appears throughout the Hebrew Bible, Rabbinic literature, and traditional Jewish liturgy. Angels in Judaism are categorized in different hierarchies.
==Etymology==
Hebrew "mal'akh" (מַלְאָךְ) is the standard Hebrew Bible word for "messenger", both human and divine, though it is less used for human messengers in Modern Hebrew〔Oxford Hebrew-English Dictionary〕 as the latter is usually denoted by the term ''shaliyah'' (שליח). In the King James Bible, the noun ''mal'akh'' is rendered "angel" 111 times, "messenger" 98 times, "ambassadors" 4 times.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Strong's Lexicon )〕 The noun derives from the verbal consonantal root ''l-'-k'' (ל-א-ך), meaning specifically "to send with a message" and with time was substituted with more applicable ''sh-l-h''. In Biblical Hebrew this root is attested only in this noun and in the noun "Mel'akah" (מְלָאכָה), meaning "work", "occupation" or "craftsmanship".
The morphological structure of the word ''mal’akh'' suggests that it is the ''maqtal'' form of the root denoting the tool or the mean of performing it. The term "Mal'akh" therefore simply means the one who is sent, often translated as "messenger" when applied to humans; for instance, "Mal'akh" is the root of the name of the prophet Malachi, whose name means "my messenger". In modern Hebrew, ''mal'akh'' is the general word for "angel"; it is also the word for "angel" in Arabic (''malak'' ملاك), Aramaic and Ethiopic.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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